Eur. Phys. J. A (2004) 19: 413-422
https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2003-10134-yEnergy level displacement of the excited
https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2003-10134-y
Energy level displacement of the excited 
state of pionic hydrogen
Atominstitut der Österreichischen Universitäten, Arbeitsbereich Kernphysik und Nukleare Astrophysik, Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10, A-1040, Wien, Austria
* e-mail: ivanov@kph.tuwien.ac.at
The energy level displacements of the excited states of pionic hydrogen and the contribution of the 
transitions and the 
transitions of the 
pair, coupled by the attractive Coulomb field in the S-wave state with a continuous energy spectrum, to the shift of the energy level of the ground state of pionic hydrogen, caused by strong low-energy interactions, are calculated within a quantum field theoretic, relativistic covariant and model-independent approach.
© Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag, 2004
