https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-023-00981-1
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Fusion dynamics of spherical and deformed projectiles with hexadecapole deformed target nuclei
1
School of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, 147004, Patiala, India
2
Department of Physics and Astronomical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, 181143, Samba, J &K, India
Received:
2
January
2023
Accepted:
15
March
2023
Published online:
7
April
2023
The quadrupole () deformation and corresponding cold and hot optimum orientations of the nuclei play an important role in the synthesis of new nuclear entity. Consequently, a comprehensive knowledge is required to understand the relevance of higher-order deformed nuclei in the nuclear fusion dynamics. In the present work, the hexadecapole () deformed nuclei of different shapes, i.e. (Sm), (Yb), (Sc) and (Ge) are taken into consideration as target of O (sph.), Ca (sph.), Ar () and Fe () induced reactions. For these selected choices of projectile-target (p-t) combinations, the impact of ± signs and hot/cold optimum orientations of higher-order deformation (up to ) has been investigated, in reference to that deformation. The above analysis has been discussed in terms of fusion barrier characteristics (barrier height and barrier position ), which is sensitive towards the deformation and orientation degree of freedom. Furthermore, the corresponding effects have been analyzed in the calculation of fusion cross-section , with respect to the center of mass energy () lying across the Coulomb barrier. Therefore, the nuclear shape for targets expands relatively larger, and consequently the radius which enhances the fusion cross-sectional area as compared to that of deformation. In contrast to the above case, the shapes have been found to hinder the fusion, mainly at the below- and near-barrier regions. Subsequently, the present work gives the relevance of the expanded and compressed shapes of hexadecapole deformed nuclei in the nuclear fusion dynamics for the considered choices of p-t combinations at the low-energy regime. Besides, the available experimental data for O+Sm p-t combinations, here ‘Sm’ isotopes are -deformed, has been addressed by integrating over all orientations and deformations up to , over a given range of .
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.