https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01696-1
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Universal mass equation for equal-quantum excited-states sets II
1
Professor of Emeritus of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1001 Auburn Dr. SW, 24060, Blacksburg, VA, USA
2
Institute for Nuclear Studies, Department of Physics, The George Washington University, 20052, Washington, DC, USA
a
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Received:
12
June
2025
Accepted:
1
September
2025
Published online:
6
October
2025
We extend our recent study of the Universal Mass Equation for equal-quantum excited-states sets reported by Roper and Strakovsky (Eur Phys J A 61:102, 2025). The masses of twelve baryon sets and sixteen meson sets, with only two equal-quantum excited states in each set, using Breit-Wigner PDG2024 masses and their uncertainties at fixed 
for baryons and 
for mesons, are fitted by a simple one-parameter logarithmic function, 
, where n is the level of radial excitation. Two accurate masses that start a set are used to calculate four higher masses in the set accurately. It is noted that 
values for 
equal-quantum excited-states sets accurately lie on a straight line, whose line parameters can be used to calculate and predict higher mass states for sets that have only one known member.
Both authors dedicate this document to the memory of their excellent colleague and friend, Richard Allen Arndt
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
