https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01739-7
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Nuclear giant resonances studied with quasiparticle-vibration coupling model and populated by vortex 
-photons
1
School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
2
Frontiers Science Center for Rare isotopes, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
4
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
5
INFN sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
6
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi’an, China
Received:
2
July
2025
Accepted:
1
November
2025
Published online:
22
November
2025
Investigating giant resonances is essential for deepening our understanding of nuclear structure and constraining the nuclear matter equation of state. In this work, we explore both giant dipole and quadrupole resonances in the superfluid nucleus 
Sn based on a fully self-consistent quasiparticle-vibration coupling (QPVC) theory with the Skyrme interaction. Incorporating QPVC effects refines the description of the isoscalar and isovector modes by producing a downward energy shift and a broader width that are more consistent with experimental observations. Based on quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA) and QPVC model, the photoabsorption cross sections are further studied. It is shown that plane-wave -photons predominantly excite the electric dipole (E1) mode. In contrast, when the nucleus aligns with the beam, vortex -photons selectively excite the transition with a certain multipolarity through new selection rules given by angular momentum conservation. When the nucleus is offset from the beam axis, angular momentum selection rules relax, allowing the 
component to gradually recover and supplant the electric quadrupole or octupole transitions, while the oscillatory behavior of the Bessel functions governs fluctuations in the cross section. By comparing QRPA and QPVC results, QPVC shows its effect in the high energy range of vortex photon absorption cross sections at small impact parameters.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
