https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01745-9
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Modelling simultaneous detection of electrons and 
rays in-beam
1
Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE, Liverpool, United Kingdom
2
Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
3
Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
4
STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, Warrington, UK
5
Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, Hirosawa 2-1, 351-0198, Wako, Saitama, Japan
a
philippos.papadakis@stfc.ac.uk
Received:
11
September
2025
Accepted:
7
November
2025
Published online:
24
November
2025
Nuclear physics experiments often involve complex geometrical configurations and intricate de-excitation schemes. Combined -ray and conversion-electron spectroscopy experiments are prime examples. The design of the required instrumentation and the interpretation of the resulting data can greatly benefit from detailed simulations. Here, we report on extensions to the NPTool framework that enable an accurate representation of the experimental conditions associated with the sage and spede spectrometers. In addition, we introduce a program package for implementing complicated de-excitation patterns to complement the NPTool framework.
© The Author(s) 2025
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