https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-026-01830-7
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Anisotropic modifications to the transport phenomena and observables in a hot QCD medium at finite baryon asymmetry
Centro Multidisciplinario de Física, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, 8580745, Santiago, Chile
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Received:
13
August
2025
Accepted:
5
March
2026
Published online:
30
March
2026
Abstract
We have studied how the transport of charge and heat as well as associated observables become influenced by a weak-momentum anisotropy arising due to the asymptotic expansion of baryon asymmetric matter in the initial stages of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. This study facilitates the understanding of the local equilibrium property of the medium through the Knudsen number, and explores the correlation between the heat flow and the charge flow through the Lorenz number in the Wiedemann-Franz law for an anisotropic hot QCD medium at finite baryon asymmetry. We have determined the electrical and the thermal conductivities by solving the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation in the relaxation time approximation within the kinetic theory approach. The interactions among partons are appended through their distribution functions within the quasiparticle model of the hot QCD medium at finite temperature, anisotropy and baryon asymmetry. We have observed a decrease in both electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity in the presence of expansion-induced anisotropy for baryonless scenario as well as for baryon asymmetric scenario. Conversely, these conductivities are found to be larger in the baryon asymmetric matter as compared to their counterparts in the baryonless matter. The impact of anisotropy on the baryon asymmetric matter is observed to be as conspicuous as on the baryonless matter. The above results are broadly attributed to two factors: the squeezing of the distribution functions due to the momentum anisotropy generated by the asymptotic expansion of baryon asymmetric matter and the dispersion relations of partons in the presence of anisotropy. Additionally, the aforesaid observables are also significantly modulated by the expansion-induced anisotropy in the baryon asymmetric medium, indicating new predictions for the equilibrium characteristic and the relative behavior between the heat and charge flow for the said medium.
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Communicated by Andre Peshier.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
