https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-026-01822-7
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Investigation of the 
bound state via the 
reaction
1
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran
2
Department of Basic Sciences, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
a
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Received:
5
November
2025
Accepted:
18
February
2026
Published online:
6
April
2026
Abstract
Using the four-body Alt–Grassberger–Sandhas (AGS) equations for the 
system, we investigate the possible formation of a 
quasi-bound state through the low-energy reaction. The neutron missing mass spectrum in the final state was calculated for different models of the 
interaction. The results indicate that, irrespective of the specific nature of the 
structure or the details of the interaction model, a signal corresponding to the quasi-bound state could appear in the 
mass spectrum. This supports the feasibility of observing the cluster in low-energy kaon-induced reactions on helium-3.
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Communicated by Eulogio Oset.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
