https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-026-01860-1
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Study of shape evolution in even–even 94–100Mo isotopes
1
Department of Physics and Astronomical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, 181143, Samba, J& K, India
2
Department of Higher Education (GDC Akhnoor), 181201, Akhnoor, Jammu and Kashmir, India
3
Department of Physics, University of Jammu, 180006, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
4
Department of Higher Education (GDC Shopian), 192303, Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir, India
5
Department of Physics, Islamic University of Science and Technology, 192122, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, India
a
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b
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Received:
27
January
2026
Accepted:
10
April
2026
Published online:
19
May
2026
Abstract
The even–even 94–100Mo isotopes have been studied using the Triaxial Projected Shell Model with zero triaxiality 
and with triaxiality incorporated 
to examine the evolution of triaxial deformation as we move from the shell closure at N = 50 towards the more deformed region approaching N
60. The calculated yrast and 
bands show excellent agreement with experimental data, with the inclusion of triaxiality providing substantial improvements particularly at higher spins. Band-diagram analysis, together with the corresponding wave-function composition, reveals the underlying quasiparticle structure and provides a microscopic explanation of key features such as band crossings and backbending. Backbending plots show a transition from rotational to vibrational behavior in heavier isotopes, indicating enhanced triaxiality. The evolution of B(E2) values, examined both as a function of spin and deformation, further supports the effect of triaxiality as one moves along the isotopic chain under study. An analysis of -band energy staggering demonstrates that the even–even 94–100Mo isotopes exhibit predominantly -soft behavior. These findings demonstrate a smooth transition from axial symmetry to triaxial shapes along the chosen Mo isotopic chain.
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Communicated by Mark Caprio.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
