Thermal and chemical equilibrium for vaporizing sources

B. Borderie - et al.

doi:doi:10.1007/s100500050334

2022 Impact factor 2.7

Hadrons and Nuclei

Eur. Phys. J. A 6, 197-202

The INDRA Collaboration

B. Borderie¹ - F. Gulminelli² - M.F. Rivet¹ - L. Tassan-Got¹ - M. Assenard³ - G. Auger⁴ - F. Bocage² - R. Bougault² - R. Brou² - Ph. Buchet⁵ - J. Colin² - R. Dayras⁵ - A. Demeyer⁶ - J.D. Frankland¹ - E. Galichet⁶ - E. Genouin-Duhamel² - E. Gerlic⁶ - M. Germain³ - D. Guinet⁶ - P. Lautesse⁶ - J.L. Laville³ - J.F. Lecolley² - T. Lefort² - R. Legrain⁵ - N. Le Neindre² - M. Louvel² - A.M. Maskay⁶ - L. Nalpas⁵ - A.D. Nguyen² - M. Parlog⁷ - E. Plagnol¹ - A. Rahmani³ - T. Reposeur³ - E. Rosato⁸ - F. Saint-Laurent⁴ - S. Salou⁴ - J.C. Steckmeyer² - M. Stern⁶ - G. Tabacaru⁷ - B. Tamain² - O. Tirel⁴ - D. Vintache² - C. Volant⁵

¹ Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, 91406 Orsay cedex, France
² LPC, IN2P3-CNRS, ISMRA et Université, 14050 Caen cedex, France
³ SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines, IN2P3-CNRS et Université, 44072 Nantes cedex 03, France
⁴ GANIL (DSM-CEA/IN2P3-CNRS), B.P.5027, 14021 Caen cedex, France
⁵ DAPNIA/SPhN, CEA/Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France
⁶ Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS et Université, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
⁷ National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
⁸ Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Sezione INFN, Univ. di Napoli "Federico II'', 80126 Napoli,Italy

Received: 6 April 1999 Communicated by P. Schuck

Abstract
Vaporized sources produced in collisions between ³⁶Ar and ⁵⁸Ni at 95 MeV per nucleon have been detected with the multidetector INDRA. Complete information concerning the deexcitation properties of quasi-projectiles, including second moments of chemical composition, is compared to a quantum statistical model describing a gas of fermions and bosons in thermal and chemical equilibrium. Inclusions in the calculation of all known discrete levels of nuclear species which deexcite into light particles and of a final state excluded volume interaction are found decisive to very well reproduce the experimental data, which strongly supports that thermodynamical equilibrium was achieved at freeze-out for such sources.

PACS
25.70.-z Low and intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions - 24.60.-k Statistical theory and fluctuations - 25.70.Pq Multifragment emission and correlations