Cross section measurements of 155,157Gd(n,) induced by thermal and epithermal neutrons

M. Mastromarco; A. Manna; O. Aberle; J. Andrzejewski; L. Audouin; M. Bacak; J. Balibrea; M. Barbagallo; F. Bečvář; E. Berthoumieux; J. Billowes; D. Bosnar; A. Brown; M. Caamaño; F. Calviño; M. Calviani; D. Cano-Ott; R. Cardella; A. Casanovas; D. M. Castelluccio; F. Cerutti; Y. H. Chen; E. Chiaveri; G. Clai; N. Colonna; G. Cortés; M. A. Cortés-Giraldo; L. Cosentino; L. A. Damone; M. Diakaki; C. Domingo-Pardo; R. Dressler; E. Dupont; I. Durán; B. Fernández-Domínguez; A. Ferrari; P. Ferreira; P. Finocchiaro; V. Furman; K. Göbel; A. R. García; A. Gawlik; S. Gilardoni; T. Glodariu; I. F. Gonçalves; E. González-Romero; E. Griesmayer; C. Guerrero; F. Gunsing; A. Guglielmelli; H. Harada; S. Heinitz; J. Heyse; D. G. Jenkins; E. Jericha; F. Käppeler; Y. Kadi; A. Kalamara; P. Kavrigin; A. Kimura; N. Kivel; I. Knapova; M. Kokkoris; M. Krtička; D. Kurtulgil; E. Leal-Cidoncha; C. Lederer; H. Leeb; J. Lerendegui-Marco; S. J. Lonsdale; D. Macina; J. Marganiec; T. Martínez; A. Masi; C. Massimi; P. Mastinu; E. A. Maugeri; A. Mazzone; E. Mendoza; A. Mengoni; P. M. Milazzo; F. Mingrone; A. Musumarra; A. Negret; R. Nolte; A. Oprea; N. Patronis; A. Pavlik; J. Perkowski; I. Porras; J. Praena; J. M. Quesada; D. Radeck; T. Rauscher; R. Reifarth; F. Rocchi; C. Rubbia; J. A. Ryan; M. Sabaté-Gilarte; A. Saxena; P. Schillebeeckx; D. Schumann; P. Sedyshev; A. G. Smith; N. V. Sosnin; A. Stamatopoulos; G. Tagliente; J. L. Tain; A. Tarifeño-Saldivia; L. Tassan-Got; S. Valenta; G. Vannini; V. Variale; P. Vaz; A. Ventura; V. Vlachoudis; R. Vlastou; A. Wallner; S. Warren; C. Weiss; R. Winants; P. J. Woods; T. Wright; P. Žugec

doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12692-7

2021 Impact factor 3.131

Hadrons and Nuclei

This article has an erratum: [https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12724-4]

Eur. Phys. J. A (2019) 55: 9
https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12692-7

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

Cross section measurements of ^155,157Gd(n,) induced by thermal and epithermal neutrons

n_TOF Collaboration
M. Mastromarco¹, A. Manna²^,3, O. Aberle⁴, J. Andrzejewski⁵, L. Audouin⁶, M. Bacak⁷^,4^,8, J. Balibrea⁹, M. Barbagallo¹, F. Bečvář¹⁰, E. Berthoumieux⁸, J. Billowes¹¹, D. Bosnar¹², A. Brown¹³, M. Caamaño¹⁴, F. Calviño¹⁵, M. Calviani⁴, D. Cano-Ott⁹, R. Cardella⁴, A. Casanovas¹⁵, D. M. Castelluccio¹⁶^,2, F. Cerutti⁴, Y. H. Chen⁶, E. Chiaveri⁴^,11^,17, G. Clai¹⁶^,2, N. Colonna¹, G. Cortés¹⁵, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo¹⁷, L. Cosentino¹⁸, L. A. Damone¹^,19, M. Diakaki⁸, C. Domingo-Pardo²⁰, R. Dressler²¹, E. Dupont⁸, I. Durán¹⁴, B. Fernández-Domínguez¹⁴, A. Ferrari⁴, P. Ferreira²², P. Finocchiaro¹⁸, V. Furman²³, K. Göbel²⁴, A. R. García⁹, A. Gawlik⁵, S. Gilardoni⁴, T. Glodariu²⁵, I. F. Gonçalves²², E. González-Romero⁹, E. Griesmayer⁷, C. Guerrero¹⁷, F. Gunsing⁸^,4, A. Guglielmelli¹⁶, H. Harada²⁶, S. Heinitz²¹, J. Heyse²⁷, D. G. Jenkins¹³, E. Jericha⁷, F. Käppeler²⁸, Y. Kadi⁴, A. Kalamara²⁹, P. Kavrigin⁷, A. Kimura²⁶, N. Kivel²¹, I. Knapova¹⁰, M. Kokkoris²⁹, M. Krtička¹⁰, D. Kurtulgil²⁴, E. Leal-Cidoncha¹⁴, C. Lederer³⁰, H. Leeb⁷, J. Lerendegui-Marco¹⁷, S. J. Lonsdale³⁰, D. Macina⁴, J. Marganiec⁵^,31, T. Martínez⁹, A. Masi⁴, C. Massimi²^,3^*, P. Mastinu³², E. A. Maugeri²¹, A. Mazzone¹^,33, E. Mendoza⁹, A. Mengoni¹⁵^,2, P. M. Milazzo³⁴, F. Mingrone⁴, A. Musumarra¹⁸^,35, A. Negret²⁵, R. Nolte³¹, A. Oprea²⁵, N. Patronis³⁶, A. Pavlik³⁷, J. Perkowski⁵, I. Porras³⁸, J. Praena³⁸, J. M. Quesada¹⁷, D. Radeck³¹, T. Rauscher³⁹^,40, R. Reifarth²⁴, F. Rocchi¹⁶, C. Rubbia⁴, J. A. Ryan¹¹, M. Sabaté-Gilarte⁴^,17, A. Saxena⁴¹, P. Schillebeeckx²⁷, D. Schumann²¹, P. Sedyshev²², A. G. Smith¹¹, N. V. Sosnin¹¹, A. Stamatopoulos²⁹, G. Tagliente¹, J. L. Tain²⁰, A. Tarifeño-Saldivia¹⁵, L. Tassan-Got⁶, S. Valenta¹⁰, G. Vannini²^,3, V. Variale¹, P. Vaz²², A. Ventura², V. Vlachoudis⁴, R. Vlastou²⁹, A. Wallner⁴², S. Warren¹¹, C. Weiss⁷, R. Winants²⁷, P. J. Woods³⁰, T. Wright¹¹ and P. Žugec¹²^,4

¹ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
² Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
³ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
⁴ European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
⁵ University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
⁶ Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406, Orsay Cedex, France
⁷ Technische Universität Wien, Wien, Austria
⁸ CEA Irfu, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁹ Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
¹⁰ Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
¹¹ University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
¹² Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
¹³ University of York, York, UK
¹⁴ University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
¹⁵ Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
¹⁶ Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
¹⁷ INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
¹⁸ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy
¹⁹ Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC - Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
²⁰ Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Villingen, Switzerland
²¹ Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal
²² Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia
²³ Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
²⁴ Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Măgurele, Romania
²⁵ Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai-mura, Japan
²⁶ European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Geel, Retieseweg 111, B-2440, Geel, Belgium
²⁷ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus North, IKP, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
²⁸ National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
²⁹ School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
³⁰ Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie (ENEA), Bologna, Italy
³¹ Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
³² Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
³³ Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
³⁴ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
³⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
³⁶ University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
³⁷ University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna, Austria
³⁸ University of Granada, Granada, Spain
³⁹ Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
⁴⁰ Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
⁴¹ Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
⁴² Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

^* e-mail: massimi@bo.infn.it

Received: 20 September 2018
Accepted: 7 December 2018
Published online: 28 January 2019

Abstract

Neutron capture cross section measurements on ¹⁵⁵Gd and ¹⁵⁷Gd were performed using the time-of-flight technique at the n_TOF facility at CERN on isotopically enriched samples. The measurements were carried out in the n_TOF experimental area EAR1, at 185 m from the neutron source, with an array of 4 C₆D₆ liquid scintillation detectors. At a neutron kinetic energy of 0.0253 eV, capture cross sections of 62.2(2.2) and 239.8(8.4) kilobarn have been derived for ¹⁵⁵Gd and ¹⁵⁷Gd, respectively, with up to 6% deviation relative to values presently reported in nuclear data libraries, but consistent with those values within 1.6 standard deviations. A resonance shape analysis has been performed in the resolved resonance region up to 181 eV and 307 eV, respectively for ¹⁵⁵Gd and ¹⁵⁷Gd, where on average, resonance parameters have been found in good agreement with evaluations. Above these energies and up to 1 keV, the observed resonance-like structure of the cross section has been analysed and characterised. From a statistical analysis of the observed neutron resonances we deduced: neutron strength function of and ; average total radiative width of 106.8(14) meV and 101.1(20) meV and s-wave resonance spacing 1.6(2) eV and 4.8(5) eV for n + ¹⁵⁵Gd and n + ¹⁵⁷Gd systems, respectively.