https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-020-00333-3
Regular Article – Experimental Physics
Feasibility studies for the measurement of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors from 
at 
at FAIR
1
Università Politecnica delle Marche-Ancona, Ancona, Italy
2
Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland
3
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
4
Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
5
Department of Physics, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
6
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
7
Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
8
Institutul National de C&D pentru Fizica si Inginerie Nucleara “Horia Hulubei”, Bukarest-Magurele, Romania
9
Institute of Applied Informatics, University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
10
Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, IFJ, Cracow, Poland
11
University of Science and Technology, AGH, Cracow, Poland
12
Instytut Fizyki, Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Cracow, Poland
13
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Europe, FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany
14
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
15
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
16
University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
17
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
18
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
19
Università di Ferrara and INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
20
Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
21
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt, Germany
22
INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
23
Dept of Physics, University of Genova and INFN-Genova, Genom, Italy
24
Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen II. Physikalisches Institut, Gießen, Germany
25
IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
26
University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
27
Birla Institute of Technology and Science, K K Birla Goa Campus, Pilani, Goa, India
28
KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology (CART), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
29
Physics Department, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
30
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
31
Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
32
Department of Physics, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey
33
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey
34
Institut für Kernphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
35
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, China
36
INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
37
Department of Physics, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden
38
Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
39
Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz, Germany
40
Research Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarus State University, Minsk, Belarus
41
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
42
Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow, Russia
43
Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
44
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
45
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
46
Nankai University, Nankai, China
47
Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
48
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
49
University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, USA
50
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, INFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
51
University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic
52
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
53
Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic
54
A.A. Logunov Institute for High Energy Physics of the National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Protvino, Russia
55
Sikaha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, WB, Santiniketan, India
56
University of Sidney, School of Physics, Sidney, Australia
57
National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” B. P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, St. Petersburg, Russia
58
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm, Sweden
59
Stockholms Universitet, Stockholm, Sweden
60
Applied Physics Department, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, India
61
Department of Physics, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, India
62
Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
63
INFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
64
Università di Torino and INFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
65
Politecnico di Torino and INFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
66
Università di Trieste and INFN Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
67
Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
68
Physics Department, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidynagar, India
69
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
70
Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Austria
Received:
30
June
2020
Accepted:
15
December
2020
Published online:
15
January
2021
This paper reports on Monte Carlo simulation results for future measurements of the moduli of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors, 
and 
, using the 
reaction at (FAIR). The electromagnetic form factors are fundamental quantities parameterizing the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons. This work estimates the statistical and total accuracy with which the form factors can be measured at , using an analysis of simulated data within the PandaRoot software framework. The most crucial background channel is 
, due to the very similar behavior of muons and pions in the detector. The suppression factors are evaluated for this and all other relevant background channels at different values of antiproton beam momentum. The signal/background separation is based on a multivariate analysis, using the Boosted Decision Trees method. An expected background subtraction is included in this study, based on realistic angular distributions of the background contribution. Systematic uncertainties are considered and the relative total uncertainties of the form factor measurements are presented.
© The Author(s) 2021
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