https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00559-9
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Phenomenological investigation of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) and the partonic luminosities in high energy LHC physics
Department of Physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Received:
3
May
2021
Accepted:
21
July
2021
Published online:
5
August
2021
The phenomenological investigation of parton distribution functions (PDFs) based on the “valon” model presented here from the QCD 
QED coupled DGLAP evolution equations in the Mellin space. The PDFs are calculated at the next to leading order 
in QCD, and we consider the QED effects at 
; 
and 
approximations. We also investigate in detail the phenomenological implications of these PDFs on the partonic luminosities. We conclude that at the region of the large values for the di-lepton’s invariant mass, the luminosity combinations, quark–quark, quark–antiquark and gluon–gluon, get closer to the luminosity involving photons, suggesting possibly non-negligible phenomenological implications due to the photon channel. We Also done a perfect comparison of our results with those obtained by the NNPDF2.3QED set, NNPDF3.1luxQED set and APFEL and there are a nice agreement between them. We demonstrate the necessity of including QED corrections and photon-induced contributions for a correct determination of the parton distribution functions and partonic luminosities.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021
