https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-022-00787-7
Review
Spectroscopy of super heavy elements with GABRIELA
1
IJCLab CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
a
araceli.lopez-martens@ijclab.in2p3.fr
Received:
29
April
2022
Accepted:
5
July
2022
Published online:
21
July
2022
The spectrum of states in very heavy and super heavy nuclei is the result of a delicate balance between the strong Coulomb repulsion between the numerous protons in the nucleus and the properties of the strong force acting between the many nucleons in the system. Fine-structure 
decay combined with 
-ray and internal-electron-conversion spectroscopy allows to identify the sequence and energies of low-lying nuclear states. This information can then be used to constrain the parameters that define the nuclear mean-field and thus improve the reliability of predictions in a region controlled critically by small shell effects. Detailed spectroscopy of transfermium nuclei is the prime motivation of the Franco-Russian GABRIELA (Gamma Alpha Beta Recoil Investigation with the ELectromagnetic Analyzer) project, launched more than 15 years ago. The current review aims at presenting the experimental developments that have been carried out over the years and discuss a selection of results that have been obtained.
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