https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01445-w
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Flow and equation of state of nuclear matter at 
–1.5 GeV with the SMASH transport approach
1
Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 04011, Košice, Slovakia
2
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
3
Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
4
Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
5
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstr. 1, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
6
Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR (HFHF), GSI Helmholtz Center, Campus Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 12, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
7
Department of Physics, University Wuppertal, 42117, Wuppertal, Germany
Received:
23
May
2024
Accepted:
1
November
2024
Published online:
27
November
2024
We present a comparison of directed and elliptic flow data by the FOPI collaboration in Au–Au, Xe–CsI, and Ni–Ni collisions at beam kinetic energies from 0.25 to 1.5 GeV per nucleon to simulations using the SMASH hadronic transport model. The Equation of State is parameterized as a function of nuclear density and momentum dependent potentials are newly introduced in SMASH. With a statistical analysis, we show that within the present status of the SMASH transport model, the collective flow data at lower energies is in the best agreement with a soft momentum dependent potential, while the elliptic flow at higher energies requires a harder momentum dependent equation of state.
© The Author(s) 2024
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