Probing nuclear forces beyond the nuclear drip line: the cases of F and F - A Tribute to Mahir Hussein

V. Girard-Alcindor; I. Stefan; F. de Oliveira Santos; O. Sorlin; D. Ackermann; P. Adsley; J. C. Angélique; M. Assié; M. Assunção; D. Beaumel; E. Berthoumieux; R. Borcea; L. Cáceres; I. Celikovic; M. Ciemala; V. Chudoba; G. D’Agata; F. de Grancey; G. Dumitru; F. Flavigny; C. Fougères; S. Franchoo; A. Georgiadou; N. Goyal; S. Grévy; J. Guillot; V. Guimaraes; F. Hammache; O. Kamalou; J. Kiener; S. Koyama; L. Lalanne; V. Lapoux; I. Matea; A. Matta; A. Meyer; N. Michel; P. Morfouace; J. Mrazek; F. Negoita; M. Niikura; D. Pantelica; L. Perrot; C. Petrone; J. Piot; C. Portail; T. Roger; F. Rotaru; A. M. Sánchez Benítez; N. de Séréville; M. Stanoiu; C. Stodel; K. Subotic; D. Suzuki; V. Tatischeff; J. C. Thomas; P. Ujic; D. Verney

doi:10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00410-1

2024 Impact factor 2.8

Hadrons and Nuclei

Cluster Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - A Tribute to Mahir Hussein

Eur. Phys. J. A (2021) 57: 93
https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00410-1

Review

Probing nuclear forces beyond the nuclear drip line: the cases of $^{16}$ $^{16}$ F and $^{15}$ $^{15}$ F

A Tribute to Mahir Hussein

V. Girard-Alcindor¹^,16, I. Stefan², F. de Oliveira Santos¹^c, O. Sorlin¹, D. Ackermann¹, P. Adsley², J. C. Angélique³, M. Assié², M. Assunção⁴, D. Beaumel², E. Berthoumieux⁵, R. Borcea⁶, L. Cáceres¹, I. Celikovic⁷, M. Ciemala⁸, V. Chudoba⁹, G. D’Agata⁹, F. de Grancey¹, G. Dumitru⁶, F. Flavigny³, C. Fougères¹, S. Franchoo², A. Georgiadou², N. Goyal¹, S. Grévy¹, J. Guillot², V. Guimaraes¹⁰, F. Hammache², O. Kamalou¹, J. Kiener², S. Koyama¹¹, L. Lalanne², V. Lapoux⁵, I. Matea², A. Matta³, A. Meyer², N. Michel¹²^,13, P. Morfouace¹, J. Mrazek⁹, F. Negoita⁶, M. Niikura¹¹, D. Pantelica⁶, L. Perrot², C. Petrone⁶, J. Piot¹, C. Portail², T. Roger¹, F. Rotaru⁶, A. M. Sánchez Benítez¹⁴, N. de Séréville², M. Stanoiu⁶, C. Stodel¹, K. Subotic⁷, D. Suzuki¹⁵, V. Tatischeff², J. C. Thomas¹, P. Ujic¹ and D. Verney²

¹ Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds (GANIL), CEA/DRF-CNRS/IN2P3, Bvd Henri Becquerel, 14076, Caen, France
² IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405, Orsay, France
³ LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Normandie Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Caen, France
⁴ Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, CEP 09913-030, São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
⁵ CEA Saclay, Irfu, DPhN, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁶ Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, P.O. Box MG6, Bucharest-Margurele, Romania
⁷ Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
⁸ Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAS, Radzikowskiego 152, 31342, Kraków, Poland
⁹ Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-250 68, Rez, Czech Republic
¹⁰ Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
¹¹ Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan
¹² Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000, Lanzhou, China
¹³ School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
¹⁴ Department of Integrated Sciences, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Física, Matemáticas y Computación (CEAFMC), University of Huelva, 21071, Huelva, Spain
¹⁵ RIKEN Nishina Cente, Tokyo, Japan
¹⁶ Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

^c francois.oliveira@ganil.fr

Received: 6 January 2021
Accepted: 1 March 2021
Published online: 12 March 2021

Abstract

The unbound proton-rich nuclei $^{16}$ $^{16}$ F and $^{15}$ $^{15}$ F are investigated experimentally and theoretically. Several experiments using the resonant elastic scattering method were performed at GANIL with radioactive beams to determine the properties of the low lying states of these nuclei. Strong asymmetry between $^{16}$ $^{16}$ F– $^{16}$ $^{16}$ N and $^{15}$ $^{15}$ F– $^{15}$ $^{15}$ C mirror nuclei is observed. The strength of the $n u c l e o n - n u c l e o n$ $$nucleon-nucleon$$ effective interaction involving the loosely bound proton in the $s_{1 / 2}$ $s_{1/2}$ orbit is significantly modified with respect to their mirror nuclei $^{16}$ $^{16}$ N and $^{15}$ $^{15}$ C. The reduction of the effective interaction is estimated by calculating the interaction energies with a schematic zero-range force. It is found that, after correcting for the effects due to changes in the radial distribution of the single-particle wave functions, the mirror symmetry of the $n - p$ $$n-p$$ interaction is preserved between $^{16}$ $^{16}$ F and $^{16}$ $^{16}$ N, while a difference of 63% is measured between the $p - p$ $$p-p$$ versus $n - n$ $$n-n$$ interactions in the second excited state of $^{15}$ $^{15}$ F and $^{15}$ $^{15}$ C nuclei. Several explanations are proposed.